The four Jhanas

Cattāro Jhānā

— The four jhānas —
[cattāra jhāna]

The practice of the four jhānas plays he key role in the teaching of the Buddha for practicioners. (He frequently urges the bhikkhus to pratice meditation in order to gain the four jhānas at will. For example, at the end of a discourse, he sometimes gives this exhortation (15 occurences): Etāni, bhikkhu, rukkhamūlāni, etāni suññāgārāni.{1} Jhāyatha, bhikkhu, mā pamādattha.{2})

Note: info·bubbles on all words

First Jhāna | Second Jhāna | Third Jhāna | Fourth Jhāna

≈170 occurences

Bhikkhu vivicc·eva kāmehi vivicca akusalehi dhammehi sa·vitakkaṃ sa·vicāraṃ viveka·jaṃ pīti·sukhaṃ paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.

A bhikkhu, detached from {1} sensuality, detached from unwholesome states, having entered in the first jhāna, remains therein, with thoughts, with thought processes, exaltation and well-being engendered by detachment.

Bhikkhu vivicc·eva kāmehi	A bhikkhu, detached from {1} sensuality,
vivicca akusalehi dhammehi	detached from unwholesome states,
	{having entered in the first jhāna, remains therein,}
sa·vitakkaṃ sa·vicāraṃ	with thoughts, with thought processes,
viveka·jaṃ pīti·sukhaṃ	exaltation and well-being engendered by detachment.
{paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati}

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First Jhāna | Second Jhāna | Third Jhāna | Fourth Jhāna

≈170 occurences

Vitakka·vicārānaṃ vūpasamā ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodi·bhāvaṃ a·vitakkaṃ a·vicāraṃ samādhi·jaṃ pīti·sukhaṃ dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.

With the stilling of thoughts and thought processes, having entered in the second jhāna, he remains therein with inner tanquilization,{1} unification of the mind,{2} without thoughts, without thought processes, with exaltation and well-being engendered by concentration.

Vitakka·vicārānaṃ vūpasamā	With the stilling of thoughts and thought processes,
	{having entered in the second jhāna, he remains therein}
ajjhattaṃ sampasādanaṃ cetaso ekodi·bhāvaṃ	with inner tanquilization,{1} unification of the mind,{2}
a·vitakkaṃ a·vicāraṃ	without thoughts, without thought processes,
samādhi·jaṃ pīti·sukhaṃ	with exaltation and well-being engendered by concentration.
{dutiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.}

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First Jhāna | Second Jhāna | Third Jhāna | Fourth Jhāna

≈155 occurences

Pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati sato ca sampajāno, sukhañ·ca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti: ‘upekkhako satimā sukha·vihārī’ti tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.

And with the fading away {1} of exaltation, he remains equanimous, mindful and endowed with thorough understanding, and he feels in the body the well-being that the noble ones describe: ‘one who is equanimous and mindful abides in well-being’, having entered in the third jhāna, he remains therein.{2}

Pītiyā ca virāgā upekkhako ca viharati	And with the fading away {1} of exaltation, he remains equanimous,
sato ca sampajāno,	mindful and endowed with thorough understanding,
sukhañ·ca kāyena paṭisaṃvedeti	and he feels in the body the well-being
yaṃ taṃ ariyā ācikkhanti:	that the noble ones describe:
‘upekkhako satimā sukha·vihārī’ti	‘one who is equanimous and mindful abides in well-being’,
tatiyaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.	having entered in the third jhāna, he remains therein.{2}

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First Jhāna | Second Jhāna | Third Jhāna | Fourth Jhāna

≈150 occurences

Sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā pubb·eva somanassa·domanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā a·dukkham·a·sukhaṃ upekkhā·sati·pārisuddhiṃ catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja viharati.

Abandoning pleasantness and abandoning unpleasantness, gladness and affliction having previously disappeared, having entered in the fourth jhāna, which is without unpleasantness nor pleasantness and is purified by mindfulness due to equanimity, he remains therein.

Sukhassa ca pahānā dukkhassa ca pahānā	Abandoning pleasantness and abandoning unpleasantness,
pubb·eva somanassa·domanassānaṃ atthaṅgamā	gladness and affliction having previously disappeared,
	{having entered in the fourth jhāna,}
a·dukkham·a·sukhaṃ	which is without unpleasantness nor pleasantness
upekkhā·sati·pārisuddhiṃ	and is purified by mindfulness due to equanimity,
{catutthaṃ jhānaṃ upasampajja} viharati.	he remains therein.

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